| MTX (N = 361) | TNFi (N = 254) | Metformin (N = 2144) | SMD TNF vs MTX | SMD Met vs MTX |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age, years (SD)a | 45 (3) | 45 (3) | 45 (3) | 0 | 0 |
Male sex (%)b | 37% | 32% | 40% | −0.15 | 0.08 |
Baseline HbA1c | 8.29 | 8.31 | 8.41 | −0.02 | 0.07 |
Comorbidities, N (%) | |||||
 Anemia | 55(15%) | 29 (11%) | 232 (11%) | −0.11 | −0.11 |
 Angina | 59 (16%) | 28 (11%) | 227 (11%) | −0.15 | − 0.15 |
 Anxiety | 35 (10%) | 39 (15%) | 375 (17%) | 0.15 | 0.21 |
 Asthma | 73 (20%) | 48 (19%) | 388 (18%) | −0.03 | − 0.05 |
 CAD | 121 (34%) | 60 (24%) | 544 (25%) | −0.22 | −0.20 |
 CHF | 49 (14%) | 28 (11%) | 251 (12%) | −1.46 | −0.16 |
 CKD | 103 (29%) | 56 (22%) | 360 (17%) | −0.28 | −0.52 |
 COPD | 56 (16%) | 48 (19%) | 393 (18%) | 0.08 | 0.05 |
 Cardiomyopathy | 19 (5%) | 9 (4%) | 88 (4%) | −0.25 | −0.25 |
 Other CTD | 21 (6%) | 12 (5%) | 67 (3%) | 0.20 | 0.71 |
 Depression | 71 (20%) | 65 (26%) | 503 (23%) | 0.26 | 0.14 |
 DM retinopathy | 64 (18%) | 42 (17%) | 29 (1%) | −0.06 | −1.37 |
 Hypertension | 316 (88%) | 217 (85%) | 1807 (84%) | −0.03 | −0.05 |
 Hypothyroidism | 112 (31%) | 88 (35%) | 671 (31%) | 0.12 | 0.00 |
 Dyslipidemia | 312 (86%) | 225 (89%) | 1825 (85%) | 0.03 | −0.01 |
 Inflammatory bowel disease | 9 (2%) | 12 (5%) | 44 (2%) | 0.90 | 0.00 |
 Liver disease | 88 (24%) | 64 (25%) | 408 (19%) | 0.04 | −0.24 |
 Myocardial infarction | 23 (6%) | 8 (3%) | 36 (2%) | −0.71 | −1.00 |
 Obesity | 98 (27%) | 72 (28%) | 629 (29%) | 0.04 | 0.07 |
 Psoriasis | 43 (12%) | 81 (32%) | 154 (7%) | 0.84 | −0.54 |
Baseline diabetes medications, N (%) | 316 (88%) | 232 (91%) | 2144 (100%) | 0.03 | 0.13 |
Baseline MTX, N (%) | – | 128 (50%) | 274 (13%) | n/a | n/a |
Baseline TNFi, N (%) | 36 (10%) | 84 (33%) | 214 (10%) | 0.96 | 0.00 |
Baseline Steroidsc, N (%) | 152 (42%) | 100 (39%) | 394 (18%) | −0.07 | −0.75 |
Average baseline glucocorticoid dose, mean (SD) | 6 (7) | 6 (6) | 5(7) | 0 | 0.14 |
Duration btwn baseline and f/up HbA1c, mean # of days (SD) | 241 (83) | 237 (84) | 201 (79) | 0.05 | −0.49 |
Duration btwn med start date and f/up HbA1c, mean # of days (SD) | 173 (66) | 166 (65) | 168(66) | −0.11 | −0.08 |